STARs Briefing Notes are now available. Check the support page for the notes on the Instrument Rating and Airline Transport Rating support pages.

Instrument Rating - Support

Below we provide solutions, errata, omissions, exam hints & solutions. We do not provide solutions to every question - only those that students find consistently challenging.

If you have a question or concern please let us know on our contact page.

Exam Hints & Info
2025

IFR Cross Country - North Bay to Elliot Lake using Ground Based Navaids

IFR flight is constantly evolving. As NavCanada continues its NavAid Modernization program, more and more ground based NavAids like VORs and NDBs are being decommissioned. The IFR Cross Country questions for the routing from North Bay to Elliot Lake has been updated for 2025 to reflect operations using GNSS equipment as the primary navigation source, and can be found in section 13.4 of the 2025 edition.

However, some of you may want to practice on questions which rely on the ground based NavAids, and the old version of this cross country flight (section 12.4 on the 2024 and earlier editions) is available in PDF format at the link below:

IFR XC: North Bay to Elliot Lake with Ground Based NavAids (PDF 1,942 kB)

Errata / Omissions
2025

Section 9.1.9 - STARs Rules and Procedures Keynotes

The STARs altitude restrictions symbols were shown incorrectly and should appear as follows:

Errata / Omissions
2025

Section 13.4 - North Bay to Elliot Lake, Question 3

The question should read as follows:

"Calculate the enroute flight time from North Bay to Elliot Lake. You may assume a steady climb from aerodrome elevation at North Bay and a steady descent from cruising altitude to the MSA 25nm at UDLOV followed by flying the RNAV (GNSS) RWY 30 approach at Elliot Lake."

Exam Hints & Info
2024

Standard Terminal Arrival Procedures (STAR) Briefing Notes

STARs provide arriving aircraft with a transition from the enroute airway system to the terminal environment. They have been around for a while and have grown in importance with the integration of GPS into our air-navigation system.

Transport Canada is now testing your knowledge of STARs in the written exams. Please review the STARs Briefing Notes that are linked below. Note that these notes have been incorporated into the books beginning with the 2025 edition:

STARs Briefing Notes (PDF, 2,272 kB)

Errata / Omissions
2024

Section 10.3.2 - Alternate Minima, Question 8 (ebook C16-006)

Answer c) should say "537 - 3".

Errata / Omissions
2006 - 2024

Section 14 - INRAT Sample Exam, Question 38 (ebook C25-038)

To solve this question correctly, you need to know that you are flying in a piston single engine aircraft.

Exam Hints & Info
2024

ADS-B Out Briefing Notes

ADS-B Out is now required in Class A airspace (as of Aug 10, 2023) and will be required in Class B airspace from May 16, 2024. Transport Canada is now testing your knowledge of the ADS-B system in the written exams. Please review the ADS-B Out Briefing Notes that are linked below:

ADS-B Out Briefing Notes (PDF, 120 KB)

Exam Hints & Info
2023 - 2024

VHF Line-of-sight Calculations

Calculating the maximum line-of-sight reception range for VOR or VHF radio can be tricky. Review the PDF linked below for the three most common types of questions and and explanation of how to solve each one.

VOR Reception Exam Hints (PDF, 210 KB)

Errata / Omissions
2022

Section 5.4.2 ILS Question 10 (eBook C08-010)

Answer a) should say:
a) The localizer signal may be misaligned from the runway centerline by more than 3° as long as a cautionary note is published on the approach plate

Errata / Omissions
2022

Section 7 - IFR Departures, Question 15 (eBook C11-015)

eBook quiz C11-015 answer (d) should read as follows:
d) Answer b) and c) above are correct

Errata / Omissions
2022

Section 10.2 - Contact Approaches, Question 6 (eBook C15-006)

Contact approaches section 10.2.2, question 6 (eBook quiz C15-006) correct answer should be:
b) i, v, vii, viii, ix, x, xiv

Solutions
2021 - 2024

Section 5.2.2 - VHF Omnidirectional Radio Range (VOR) Questions

Question 3 Solution (PDF, 109 KB)

Solutions
2018 - 2024

Section 3.2 - Altimeter Setting Procedures and Altimeter Errors Questions

Question 13 Solution (PDF, 325 KB)